{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-40192", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "dateReserved": "2026-04-09T20:59:17.620Z", "datePublished": "2026-04-15T22:53:56.147Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-09-10T12:04:47.474Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "Pillow is vulnerable to a FITS GZIP decompression bomb", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-770", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling", "type": "CWE"}]}, {"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-400", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV4_0": {"attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "version": "4.0"}}], "references": [{"name": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-whj4-6x5x-4v2j", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-whj4-6x5x-4v2j"}, {"name": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/9521", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/9521"}, {"name": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/3cb854e8b2bab43f40e342e665f9340d861aa628", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/3cb854e8b2bab43f40e342e665f9340d861aa628"}, {"name": "https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/12.2.0.html#prevent-fits-decompression-bomb", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/12.2.0.html#prevent-fits-decompression-bomb"}], "affected": [{"vendor": "python-pillow", "product": "Pillow", "versions": [{"version": ">= 10.3.0, < 12.2.0", "status": "affected"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-15T22:53:56.147Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Pillow is a Python imaging library. Versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.1 did not limit the amount of GZIP-compressed data read when decoding a FITS image, making them vulnerable to decompression bomb attacks. A specially crafted FITS file could cause unbounded memory consumption, leading to denial of service (OOM crash or severe performance degradation). If users are unable to immediately upgrade, they should only open specific image formats, excluding FITS, as a workaround."}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-whj4-6x5x-4v2j", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}, "adp": [{"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-04-16T13:37:11.864898Z", "id": "CVE-2026-40192", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "yes"}, {"Technical Impact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-16T13:37:19.918Z"}}, {"affected": [{"collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "cpes": ["cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2.5::el8"], "defaultStatus": "affected", "packageName": "python3.12-pillow", "product": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8", "vendor": "Red Hat", "versions": [{"lessThan": "*", "status": 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Versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.1 did not limit the amount of GZIP-compressed data read when decoding a FITS image, making them vulnerable to decompression bomb attacks. A specially crafted FITS file could cause unbounded memory consumption, leading to denial of service (OOM crash or severe performance degradation). If users are unable to immediately upgrade, they should only open specific image formats, excluding FITS, as a workaround."}, {"lang": "es", "value": "Pillow es una biblioteca de im\u00e1genes de Python. Las versiones 10.3.0 a 12.1.1 no limitaban la cantidad de datos comprimidos con GZIP le\u00eddos al decodificar una imagen FITS, lo que las hac\u00eda vulnerables a ataques de bomba de descompresi\u00f3n. Un archivo FITS especialmente dise\u00f1ado podr\u00eda causar un consumo de memoria ilimitado, lo que llevar\u00eda a una denegaci\u00f3n de servicio (fallo por OOM o degradaci\u00f3n severa del rendimiento). Si los usuarios no pueden actualizar de inmediato, deber\u00edan abrir solo formatos de imagen espec\u00edficos, excluyendo FITS, como soluci\u00f3n alternativa."}], "id": "CVE-2026-40192", "lastModified": "2026-10-26T21:10:00.170", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 3.9, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}, {"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", 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{"bugzilla": {"description": "Pillow: Pillow: Denial of Service via decompression bomb in FITS image processing", "id": "2458856", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458856"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-409", "details": ["A flaw was found in Pillow, a Python imaging library. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to trigger a denial of service (DoS) by providing a specially crafted FITS image file. The library's failure to limit the amount of GZIP-compressed data during decoding can lead to unbounded memory consumption, causing the system to crash or experience severe performance issues."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability."}, "name": "CVE-2026-40192", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:lightspeed_core", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "lightspeed-core/rag-tool-rhel9", "product_name": "Lightspeed Core"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_lightspeed", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-lightspeed/lightspeed-ocp-rag-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Lightspeed"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_lightspeed", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-lightspeed/lightspeed-service-api-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Lightspeed"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_lightspeed", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "openshift-lightspeed-tech-preview/lightspeed-rag-tool-rhel9", "product_name": "OpenShift Lightspeed"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhaiis/model-opt-cuda-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat AI Inference Server"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhaiis/vllm-cpu-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat AI Inference Server"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhaiis/vllm-cuda-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat AI Inference Server"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhaiis/vllm-neuron-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat AI Inference Server"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhaiis/vllm-rocm-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat AI Inference Server"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhaiis/vllm-spyre-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat AI Inference Server"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhaiis/vllm-tpu-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat AI Inference Server"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "ansible-automation-platform-25/lightspeed-chatbot-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "ansible-automation-platform-26/hub-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "ansible-automation-platform-26/lightspeed-chatbot-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "ansible-automation-platform/automation-dashboard-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:ansible_automation_platform:2", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "python-pillow", "product_name": "Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "python-pillow", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "python-pillow", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhelai3/bootc-aws-cuda-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhelai3/bootc-azure-cuda-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhelai3/bootc-azure-rocm-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhelai3/bootc-cuda-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhelai3/bootc-gcp-cuda-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhelai3/bootc-rocm-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhelai3/disk-image-cuda-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", 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"package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-codeserver-datascience-cpu-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-datascience-cpu-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-pytorch-cuda-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-pytorch-llmcompressor-cuda-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-pytorch-rocm-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-tensorflow-cuda-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-tensorflow-rocm-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhoai/odh-workbench-jupyter-trustyai-cpu-py312-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "quay/quay-rhel8", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:quay:3", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "quay/quay-rhel9", "product_name": "Red Hat Quay 3"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "python-pillow", "product_name": "Red Hat Satellite 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "satellite:el8/python-pillow", "product_name": "Red Hat Satellite 6"}], "public_date": "2026-04-15T22:53:56Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-40192\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40192\nhttps://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/3cb854e8b2bab43f40e342e665f9340d861aa628\nhttps://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/9521\nhttps://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-whj4-6x5x-4v2j\nhttps://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/12.2.0.html#prevent-fits-decompression-bomb"], "threat_severity": "Important"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": {"scheme": "semver", "value": "[10.3.0,12.2.0)"}}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "matching", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Pillow", "source": "cna", "vendor": "python-pillow"}, "product": "pillow", "vendor": "python-pillow"}], "analysis": {"en": {"generated_at": "2026-04-17T07:52:03.475502+00:00", "value": {"mitigation_remediation": ["Upgrade Pillow to version 12.2.0 or newer to enable bounded FITS GZIP decompression.", "If an upgrade cannot be performed immediately, restrict image processing to safe formats and disable FITS support entirely or filter input to reject FITS files.", "Apply the patch referenced in the commit 3cb854e8b2bab43f40e342e665f9340d861aa628 and rebuild Pillow if you are maintaining a custom fork."], "summary": {"action": "Immediate Patch", "impact": "Denial of Service via Memory Exhaustion"}, "threat_synthesis": {"affected_systems": "The vulnerability affects Pillow versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.1. Users running any of those releases are at risk. The issue is fixed in Pillow 12.2.0 and later; all later releases impose a limit on FITS GZIP decompression.", "description_and_impact": "Pillow, a popular Python imaging library, allows FITS images to be decoded without imposing limits on the amount of GZIP\u2011compressed data that may be decompressed. A maliciously crafted FITS file can therefore trigger unbounded memory allocation, causing the process to run out of memory, crash, or become severely slowed. This results in a denial of service to the application or system using Pillow. The weakness is a form of uncontrolled resource consumption (CWE\u2011400), unexpected resource allocation (CWE\u2011409), and allocation without limits (CWE\u2011770).", "risk_and_exploitability": "The CVSS score of 8.7 categorises the vulnerability as High, and the EPSS score of < 1% indicates a very low but non\u2011zero exploitation probability; an official patch that enforces limits is available, yet exploitation remains feasible if the patch is not applied. Based on the description, it is inferred that an attacker could trigger the bug by serving a malicious FITS file to an application that imports or opens untrusted images. The vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but its impact mandates swift action, especially for services that process user supplied images."}}}}, "created": "2026-04-16T00:30:18.769190+00:00", "updated": "2026-04-17T08:00:11.085327+00:00", "vendors": ["python-pillow", "python-pillow$PRODUCT$pillow"]}